English Unit:-7 Short Notes & Essay

English (Second Language) Unit:-7

12 Science

Unit - 7 Read – 1 The Monkey’s Paw

Short Notes :

1. The Spell of Monkey's Paw

(1) How did the paw appear ? (2) What did the fakir want to show ? (3) What was the spell put on the paw? (4) Why did Mr White save the paw from getting burnt ? (5) What cautions did Mr. Morris explain to Mr. white ? (6) Why was monkey's paw dangerous ?

Ans. The monkey's paw was a cut off dried paw of a monkey. The holy Indian fakir, who put a spell on the monkeys paw, wanted to show that as many ways you try, you can't change whatever is written in your fate; and if you try to change, it via black magic or negative energy, the outcome is really very dangerous causing only disasters. The spell put on the paw was that three different humans will be able to have three wishes from this paw. As soon as Mr. Morris thrown the paw to fire after showing it to Mr. White, White took it out from the fire and saved it from burning. Mr. Mortis explained to Mr.White the risk underlying the fakir's spell. It was not advisable to grant wish from monkey's paw: because if anything you want was not in your fate at all, the paw's spell would interfere with the fate written by God and it will cause a great disaster and trouble.

2. The First Wish

(1) What was the first wish of Mr. White ? (2)What happened at the very next moment ? (3) Who came to their home for giving money ? (4) For what the money was ? (5) Why Mr.White became unconscious ? (6) What did the first wish cost ?

Ans. The first wish of Mr. White was about money. He asked for 200 Pounds from the paw. And as soon as he completed the process for making a wish, the paw acted like a living one and twisted in White's hand. Then paw fell on the ground. Next day an agent from the company, "Maw and Meggins" came to White's house. It was the company where Mr white's son was working. The agent was sent by company to give Mr. White the amoun of compensation given by company to family of any worker who suffers accidental death. Mr. White became  

unconscious by the shock of his only son's death. He realized that the wish of 200 pounds that he granted from paw, was fulfilled by killing his son and giving the death insurance to him. White realized that his son was dead due to his greed of money. The first , wish cost the life of their dear son Herbert.

3. The Second And Third Wishes 

(1) Who demanded the second wish and why ? (2) Why Mr. White was afraid of the second wish ? (3) Why`Mr. White was scared of opening the door ? (4) What happened as soon as Mr. White wished for 3rd and last time ? (5) What happened to their house after 3rd wish was demanded ? (6) Imagine, what could be the 3rd wish of Mr. White ? 

Ans. Mrs. White demanded the second wish after 10 days of Herbert's death. As being a mother, she was in a deep sorrow of her son's uncertain death; and wanted to try each way to make him alive, even using the paw whose black magic killed him. Mr.White was afraid of the second wish, as he thought that if a small change with fate for 200 pounds can cause his son's death; then what will be the outcome of demanding the life of that son whose death took place before many days, as it will be large-scale interfering with fate. Mr. White was scared of opening the door; as he knew that his son was dead before 10 days and then his body would become decayed beyond recovery; and also quickly after wising life of son the door was knocked, and White was afraid that a bigger Risk was waiting outside. As soon as Mrs.White rushed towards the door to open it, Mr. White demanded for the 3rd and last wish, and just after his demand, knocking on door was stopped, he thought that the danger was gone far away due to 3rd wish. Just after his 3rd wish was demanded; sounds of cracking,breaking,thundering and lightening started as they were about to break the. The house started collapsing and Mr. & Mrs.White ran away from the house with a sigh of disappointment. The 3rd wish of Mr. White could be that, "O mysterious paw, save me and my wife from the fear that is standing next to our door and knocking it; throw the person standing at door away from us.

Read – 2 Sojourner Truth 

1.A mind-blowing speech by Sojourner Truth 

(1) Explain the workplace hardness she faced in life. (2) For what reason she cried and no one even heard ? (3)In this speech, what does she say about double standards of Negros' community ? (4) What is the logic given by a person for not providing equality to women, and how Sojourner countered it ? (5) What does she believe about God and religion ? (6) In 2-3 sentences, explain the background of this speech. 

Ans.-At the places where Sojourner Truth worked as a slave, she faced many hardships. She had to work in farms 

like oxen. She had to carry away heavy loads from one place to another on muddy roads. She was punished with a brutal lash of whip, often with no reason. In workplace, she was treated as a thing or machine, not a human being. She had given birth to 13 children when she was in the state of slavery, often forced to work hard. Before her eyes and against her will, all her children were sold as slaves; one by one and she kept on weeping, but there 

was no one to listen to her except almighty God. In this speech, Sojourner Truth mentions that everyone is discussing and murmuring about the equal rights for black and whites, men and women, in both southern and Northern states. As no one helped her or any other African slave woman for any of the hardships in the past. A person gave a logic that Jesus Christ was not a woman, he was a man; and that is why women can't be given 

equality. Sojourner countered it with the fact that, Jesus Christ was born by God and through a woman. She said that women are the sources of life energy, if there would be a woman who founded religion, world would be much better than it is now. What Sojourner Truth believed about religion was all that a modern open-minded liberal theist believes. She strongly believed that, there shouldn't be any racism on the name of Lord. She believed that the very founders of religions take birth via women; so women should be given respect, equal rights and equal living facilities in all the fields. This speech was given by Sojourner Truth at The women's 

convention, Akron, Ohio in the year 1851. The very years after the announcement of freedom for slaves. She was an activist and working for women equality for a long time. In the speech, she presented her views about racism and equality. 

ESSAY WRITING:

1 . Woman Education and Women Empowerment

Women Empowerment is empowering the women to take their own decisions. Empowering women is to make them in all aspects from mind, thought, rights, decisions etc. It is to bring equality in the society for both male and female in all area. Women empowerment is very necessary to make the bright future of family, society and country. Women need fresh and more capable environment so that they can take their own right decisions.  

In order to make the country fully developed, women empowerment is an essential to get the goal of development. There are many strategies started by the government of India in order to bring women development. Women empowerment is very important because the population of women is around 50% of the total population of the world. In our country. The boy-child often gets preference for education and health diet  

over the child. The society should be made aware that both boy and girl child are equal and they both should have equal rights.  

All Children should be given equal, free and compulsory education, this is what our constitution has accepted and recommended. An educated woman can serve not only the family but also the whole society and nation. I strongly believe that there should be no distinction between a male or female child of a family. The women education and empowerment has benefitted the country, family and society also. Let us take a vow to work for  

it. No woman will be illiterate or dependent. There are special schemes of the government for the girl education-special scholarships, special provision for admission, giving study-kits etc. In the 21st century, there is (33%) reservation for women in politics and many other organizations and NGO's the women have performed well in the industries,manufacturing ,computer technology and even in space research too.

2. My Favourite National Leader (OR) The Great man I Admire

[points : name- qualities-his works-principles]

 

In fact, I love and respect all national leaders. Their good qualities, work and ambition make them great. My favourite national leader is Mahatma Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi is our Father of the Nation. He was born on October 2,1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. He loved truth and  

justice right from his childhood. He completed, his school education in Rajkot. Then he went to England and became a lawyer. He went to South Africa as a lawyer. There he saw the injustice done to the Black by the White.  

He could not bear it so he fought against them non-violently. When Gandhiji returned to India, he became the leader of our freedom movement. He lived like a poor man to see the poverty of Indian people. He taught us to fight for our rights against the British Government. He gave courage and confidence to the common man. He made Indian people fearless and started non-co-operation movements. He gave us two powerful weapons - truth and non-violence. He brought unity among the different castes of people. Gandhiji was a very simple man.  

Moreover, he was a great political leader, a social and a religious worker, he had great faith in God and believed in truth and non-violence. He loved everyone so people called him 'Mahatma' .He loved children very much so they fondly called him `Bapu'. He left us weeping and passed away on January 30,1948.

3. SUPERSTTIONS - EVEN TODAY

Points : where do they come from - why do they continue to exist - who are the victims of superstitions ? why ? -how can people get rid of them ?

Ans : Superstition is nothing but a blind belief. There is no logic or scientific reason behind it. These beliefs go against the law of nature. Superstitions were many in the past because people had no education. Even today they prevail in one form or the other. Today we live in twenty first century - a century of scientific inventions. So we should not believe in superstitions.

There are superstitions all over the world. They are about birds, animals, natural calamities, colours,numbers, particular behaviour etc. Even there are superstitions about eclipse in Europe. There are natural

calamities like the earthquake, flood, drought, storm or the fire. Some of us think that they are caused by anger of some gods or goddesses.

Even in 21st century, superstitions exist in civilized or educated countries. Even the educated people believe in superstitions. Many people believe do not have a hair cut or a shave on Saturdays. Some people believe no. 13 as an unlucky number. Some consider the crossing of a widow to be a bad sign. Famous persons consult astrologers while taking important decisions. A lot of people offer fruits, food, gold, silver etc. to please God or win favour.

Superstitions are a great hindrance to the progress of our society. Superstitious people are generally illiterate, ignorant, credulous and gullible. They are exploited by the 'bhuvas', 'tantries' etc. superstitious people

refuse to see reason.

It is necessary to educate people to get rid of superstitions. It is also necessary to teach them scientific truths. They should be made fearless against the result of such beliefs.