English Unit:-6 Short Notes & Essay

English (Second Language) Unit:-6 

12 Science

Unit - 6 Strike Against War

Short Notes:-

(1) The writer's thoughts about editors

Ans. She has entered into the fight against the conventional economical and socio-political system which exploits the rights of workers. Helen has entered the fight against authorities' injustice towards the workers. She is in mood to fight till the end. Helen thinks that she has got some exceptional skills as compared to most of the editors she met. She can easily read and understand research papers and magazines from various countries like England, Germany, and France, that too without anybody else's help. She emphasizes that her sources of information are reliable. That is why she denies to accept sympathy and pity from such editors and other people from Opposition. According to Helen, the editors are an over worked and misunderstood class. They have a lot of work to completed in a shorter duration. Some people are grieved because they think that Helen's thoughts and thinking are totally different from their own. The writer does not ask about any kind of help or support from  

others. She just wants an unbiased place to speak.

[2] The, trap for workers

Ans. The authorities, and the masters for whom the workers work, are the biggest enemies of them. They force a worker for around half-a-day's hard labour, and then give them insufficient wages. The masters enjoy the fruits  

of pain and hard work, for which they don't deserve. The writer addresses workers as childish because if their authorities will order them in an emotional way, to fight for country; they will wear the army uniform themselves, take weapons into hands and will blindly go to the battlefield to die for their real, hidden enemies. Authorities think that it is essential to reduce the wages of workers, and that is why they do not want workers to protest and go on strike. According to authorities, people should be ready to sacrifice and stop complaining  about the lower wages for the sake of the nation and their own very liberties. The workers should be ready to fight on the battlefront. Helen has the fear that people are truly very emotional; and they think by emotions rather than mind when this type of propaganda is used on them So the writer is afraid that the workers will be fooled again by these sweet talks and will stop their strike against injustices towards them.

(3) Terrible effects of war

(1) When should the workers be ready to die for the authority's call ? (2) Against what, the workers are said to protest and go on strike? (Consider in terms of war) (3) What should the workers not be in any situation? (4) Explain the effect of war on young generation. (5) For what danger, the writer is afraid that, nobody will be left even to cry on it ? (6) Why workers are called the most unselfish human beings?

Ans. After the workers' death in the battle, fighting for country; if the country takes care about the secure and well nourished present and future of their families and educates their children in such a way, that they never feel loneliness then this terrible sacrifice would be acceptable. The writer asks workers to protest against the production of all the weapons like gas-bombs, rifles and all other tools that can snatch someone's life; as she believes that manufacturing all these is same as to manufacture scrap. The workers should not be just the toys or weapon-carts of the hands of almighty authorities; who can use them anytime, anyway and against anybody. The workers must not follow orders like a robot, they should think on it and then decide whether to follow them or not. There will be mass disruption to the young generation if war takes place. As only the youngsters are fit for army, millions of them will be killed into war. And those who would not be killed will lose their organs and become handicap; their whole life will be ruined. The writer is afraid for huge destruction of society and generations of the country. As the war is itself a large scale tornado, it will swallow all the achievements, the traditions and the properties of the common people who earned them by hard work. Workers are called the most unselfish human beings; as for whatever they work, doesn't concern or benefit them in anyway. They work to make others live normally; they work to manufacture products for others' happiness. They fight and die in battles to protect others' liberty and nation.

(4)The real duties of authority and government

Ans. Authorities must provide hygienic living conditions and enough salary to workers. It is their duty to frame non-partial laws that favour workers' benefits! Also they must reconstruct and redevelop the society till every  

born child get equal and best treatment till he/she achieves full ability to serve country. The workers are said to go on strike against violation of their human rights, against low wages, against the authorities who can't provide them a living environment; and against their masters if they force them for overload or produce murder tools.The workers should force government to provide them clean streets, free from dust-smoke and contestation.  

They should force government to make sure Rio child works in any type of shop or industry. It is workers' duty to force government for making law frames in favour of their human rights. The writer believes that the ballot-paper or voting system can't convert a human to machine, or freemen to slaves. She also believes neither there were fully democratic nations existed ever, nor they will exist in future. In her views, democracy is an enemy of workers. Those were the workers, who built huge palaces, pyramids and incomparable temples & churches. But  

still they were not given the proper repay of what they had done to 'authorities. They always barred injustice, and violence of human rights. Other enjoyed their labour's results. According to the writer, complexly growing human civilization is doing more and more injustice to the workers. It has converted workers to the machines.Their life's value is not more than a machine spare-part in modern civilization.

SPEECH WRITING:

Krutarth has been elected as the General Secretary of his school. He has to deliver a speech on his future plans and how he is going to fulfil them. Draft a speech for him in 150 words.

Ans. Namaste friends,

I feel a great joy to welcome you all in our first meeting. In the beginning I would like to thank you all for your support and encouragement. Because of your support I was elected as a General Secretary. At this moment, I take this chance to assure you that I will work with the best of my abilities to satisfy the needs of our school and the students. I believe that the school election is the first lesson of democracy. We would work according to the guidance and suggestions of our school teaching staff. We will arrange various programmes like celebrations of the independence day, the republic day, the cultural festival, blood donation camp etc. I hope for kind co-operation from you throughout the next academic year. I hope that all of you should take part in such activities enthusiastically. Once again I thank you for the trust you put in me.

ESSAY WRITING:

[1] Helen Keller:- 

Birth date : June 27, 1880, Birthplace : West Tuscumbia, Alabama -early childhood and illness- formal education deaf-blind person to earn a bachelor of arts degree-writings- death: June 1, 1968- posthumous honours.  

Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880 - June 1, 1968) was an American author, political activist, and a lecturer. She was the first deaf-blind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree. Her teacher, Anne Sullivan, taught her language allowing the girl to blossom as she learned to communicate. The story of how Keller's teacher has become widely known through the dramatic depictions of the play and film The Miracle Worker. Her birthplace in West Tuscumbia, Alabama, is now a museum and sponsors an annual "Helen Keller Day". Her birthday on June 27 is commemorated as Helen Keller Day in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and was authorized at the federal level by presidential proclamation by president Jimmy Carter in 1980, the 100th anniversary of her birth.  

A prolific author, Keller was well-travelled and outspoken in her convictions. A member of the Socialist party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World, she campaigned for women's suffrage, labour rights, socialism, antimilitarism, and other similar causes. Helen proved to the world that deaf people could all learn to communicate and that they could survive. She also taught that deaf people are capable of doing things that hearing people can do: She is one of the most famous deaf people in history and she is an idol to many deaf people in the world.

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